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Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy
APA Division 56, Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the psychological effects of trauma. This journal was established in 2009 and is published by the American Psychological Association. It covers the psychological effects of trauma, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and resilience among children growing up in disadvantaged conditions.
Methodological review of psychological trauma and social support
Various risk factors are thought to contribute to the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms in children and adolescents. However, it is not clear whether exposure to traumatic stimuli is sufficient to induce PTSD. Therefore, research on social support has been undertaken to elucidate the causal relationship between social support and PTSS.
A scoping review was conducted to examine the current literature on social support and PTSS. To identify the most relevant studies, an initial search was conducted using three key concepts. The results were analyzed and compared.
Social support is defined by Cohen (2004) as the provision of resources. The type of resources that can be provided may vary according to the context. It may be from friends, family, community, or the national government.
Exploratory analyses of psychological trauma theory
Psychiatry has developed a substantial body of research regarding the nature and treatment of psychological trauma. Much of this work has been derived from individuals who have sought treatment. While this is a valuable source of knowledge, it is important to consider that many people are exposed to trauma but show no substantial disruptions in their function.
In the current study, we examined a wide range of possible relationships between the various facets of a trauma response and the outcome. We tested the hypothesis that attributions of negative causality about a traumatic event are associated with a broad trauma response, including more severe PTSD symptoms. This relationship is mediated by shame.
COVID-19 requires research and clinical community around key areas
During COVID-19, many Americans have experienced stress and disruptions in their daily lives. This has affected people of all ages. However, for communities of color, the experience has exacerbated existing racial inequities and increased the risk for behavioral health problems.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals were disproportionately affected by poor health, stress, and social isolation. As a result, many have experienced challenges with access to care, support, and mental health services. However, efforts to engage patients have improved.
Although the impact of COVID-19 was clearly disproportionate to communities of color, some analyses have not accurately captured the diversity of this population. Specifically, Asian American and Pacific Islander patients have been underrepresented in many analyses.
APA Ethical Principles prohibiting psychological trauma research
APA Ethical Principles prohibiting psychological trauma research may seem to have a limited application. However, they have long been a point of contention for psychologists.
The American Psychological Association’s (APA’s) Ethics Code provides a broad set of ethical standards for psychologists. The code contains standards that cover a variety of situations including obtaining informed consent, protecting confidential information, and debriefing study participants.
According to the APA, its ethical standards are intended to “guide ethical decisions and provide a model of professional conduct that may be followed in real-world situations.” The code also includes a “casebook” of examples of ethical dilemmas and behaviors that psychologists should avoid.
Resilience among children growing up in disadvantaged conditions
Historically, resilience science has focused on what makes some children more able to bounce back than others. But this is a narrow approach. In fact, there are many factors that contribute to children’s resilience.
In fact, the most important protective factor for youth resilience is a close and positive relationship with an adult. This relationship can be an extended family, a religious community, or a mentor. Many of the best evidence-based programs for strengthening parent-child relationships involve improving these connections in risky situations.
This relationship can be strengthened through positive parenting practices. Parents who provide effective parenting can facilitate a positive developmental trajectory for their children. This includes fostering independence, allowing for autonomy, and encouraging emotional regulation.
Effects of rumination on posttraumatic growth and life satisfaction
Several studies have looked at the effects of rumination on posttraumatic growth (PTG) and life satisfaction. Rumination is a common psychological response to negative mood or to stressful events. It is characterized by repetitive, negative thoughts about oneself.
Rumination is a powerful coping strategy in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The goal of deliberate rumination is to make sense of a traumatic event. It allows an individual to reevaluate their values and priorities. It also helps to develop new beliefs and schemas about trauma.
Some researchers believe that rumination is a protective mechanism in coping with a stressful event. The process of deliberate rumination allows an individual to reclaim control of their situation. It can lead to positive changes in life.
Predictors of PTSD
PTSD is a condition that affects military service members and civilians. Military service members have been shown to have higher rates of PTSD, which may be related to higher rates of comorbid depression. However, there are limited data regarding factors that predict treatment outcome.
One of the most important factors associated with PTSD is severity. Various studies have shown that PTSD symptoms improve after therapy. Researchers are looking for additional predictors of PTSD treatment response, which may improve the effectiveness of treatment. Some studies suggest that comorbid depression may be a predictor of a poorer treatment outcome. Other studies indicate that a higher level of PTSD symptom severity is associated with a higher probability of being classified as a treatment nonresponder.
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