Which of these is not a perceptual error? Perception refers to a cognitive process where the way we perceive information differs from how others perceive it. Our mental processes are used to create images of objects and assign them to different people and groups. These mental processes are called cognitive biases. When they occur, we can make the world seem smaller or larger than it really is.
Perception is the ability to see things, so a perception-distortion tradeoff takes into account these three metrics jointly. Distortion occurs when an individual assigns an attribute to someone based on membership in a certain category. These types of distortions are often revealed during conflicts over values, ideologies, or direct competition for resources. Halo effects, which are common distortions in perception, occur when we generalize an attribute that is based on one attribute. These cases can occur when we have not had much experience with the person or group, and so draw a wrong conclusion about their moral nature.
A visual illusion is a way to perceive something that isn’t there in reality. Although we can get an impression of something just by looking at it, the reality is quite different. We can make a mistake when we judge an object’s size by how it looks. A horizontal line that appears smaller than it is may look larger than it is. A vertical line can also appear smaller than it is.
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