Endemism refers to a disease or species that is found in a single area. It can also be translated as “native to” and “indigenous.” In some cases, endemic can also refer to a place, situation, or population. For example, some diseases are endemic to the Caribbean. Endemism is often linked to the common disease malaria. Cholera is another example of endemicity.
Diseases may be either endemic or epidemic, depending on the location. The former is restricted to a specific region, such as the tropics, while the latter is widespread and affects a wide range of people. In general, an endemic disease is a ‘contagious’ disease that is found only in a particular region or population. Epidemic diseases can be fatal and spread to other areas.
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